Coricancha: A Complete Guide to the Temple of the Sun

Coricancha

Located in the heart of Cusco, Peru, Coricancha (also known as Qoricancha, Koricancha, or Qorikancha) is one of the most revered and sacred temples in the Inca Empire. Although most of its splendor was destroyed by the Spanish, the remaining ruins continue to captivate visitors from all over the world. In this guide, we’ll take you through the fascinating history, architectural marvels, and the enduring legacy of the Coricancha, including the renowned Temple of the Sun. For a deeper exploration, consider joining a City Tour in Cusco to learn about more local treasures.

What is Coricancha?

Coricancha was once the most important religious and political center of the Inca Empire. It was dedicated to worshipping the Sun God, Inti, and other deities. The temple’s walls were said to be lined with gold, making it a dazzling display of wealth and devotion. The name “Coricancha” comes from two Quechua words: “quri” (gold) and “kancha” (temple), which together mean “Temple of Gold” or “Golden Temple“. This stunning temple was at the center of both Cusco and Inca society, where rituals and offerings were made to the gods.

The Temple of the Sun: Heart of Coricancha

Temple of the Sun

The Temple of the Sun was the most important part of Coricancha. It occupied more than half of the church of Santo Domingo that stands today. The walls were covered in sheets of gold, and the temple housed a golden idol of Inti, the Sun God. Mummies of important Inca rulers and high priests were also placed here, sitting on chairs made of gold. These mummies were important to Inca ceremonial practices, especially during the solstices and festivals.

The Inca people believed that the Sun was the source of all life, and the Temple of the Sun reflected this belief in its grandeur. It was not just a physical space, but a spiritual center, with the sacredness of the temple extending beyond the material to the divine.

Coricancha’s Role in Inca Society

Coricancha served as the focal point for Inca religion, politics, and culture. The temple was the seat of worship for the Sun, and its significance was not limited to religious practices alone. It also served as a political tool, with high-ranking nobles and officials paying homage to the Sun God here. The Inca emperor, considered the “Son of the Sun“, would lead ceremonies at the temple, and the masses would follow in his reverence.

Coricancha’s Architecture: A Blend of Inca and Spanish Influence

The architectural style of Coricancha is a stunning example of Inca ingenuity. The temple’s walls were constructed with large, precisely cut stones, and the trapezoidal doorways and windows are characteristic of Inca architecture. These features not only served an aesthetic purpose but also allowed the structures to withstand earthquakes—a testament to the architectural expertise of the Incas.

Following the Spanish conquest, the Spanish began construction on the Santo Domingo Church, which now stands over the ruins of the Temple of the Sun. The church features Baroque-style architecture, with elements of Inca design visible in the use of stonework and arches. This combination of indigenous and colonial influences offers visitors a glimpse into the cultural convergence that shaped modern-day Peru.

Coricancha Tours: A Deeper Dive into Inca History

Coricancha Tours

For those interested in learning more about Coricancha’s rich history and cultural significance, guided tours are available. The most common option is the city tour, which includes a visit to Coricancha, the Cusco Cathedral, and several other important archaeological sites in the city. Consider including the City Tour in Cusco for an all-encompassing cultural experience.

Alternatively, visitors can explore Coricancha independently, purchasing tickets at the entrance. While a guided tour provides a more in-depth understanding of the site, exploring Coricancha on your own offers the flexibility to absorb its beauty at your own pace.